See pró on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "para",
"3": "o"
},
"expansion": "Contraction of para + o",
"name": "contraction"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Contraction of para + o.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "prá",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "prós",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "prás",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "contraction",
"3": "feminine",
"4": "prá",
"5": "masculine plural",
"6": "prós",
"7": "feminine plural",
"8": "prás",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "pró m (feminine prá, masculine plural prós, feminine plural prás)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "contraction",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "38 10 31 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to the; for the"
],
"id": "en-pró-gl-contraction-HTGuaqgV",
"links": [
[
"to",
"to"
],
[
"the",
"the"
],
[
"for",
"for"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) to the; for the"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "pelo"
}
],
"tags": [
"contraction",
"informal",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "pró"
}
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "la:prō",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *pér\nProto-Indo-European *-o\nProto-Indo-European *próder.\nProto-Italic *prō\nLatin prōbor.\nPortuguese pró\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"before\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*per-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"fare\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*per-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pér\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-o\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pró\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*prō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"prō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"pró\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" }\" data-lang=\"pt\" data-title=\"pró\">\nBorrowed from Latin prō.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *pér\nProto-Indo-European *-o\nProto-Indo-European *próder.\nProto-Italic *prō\nLatin prōbor.\nPortuguese pró\nBorrowed from Latin prō. Compare with inherited por.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "pró",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pró"
]
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 10 31 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 15 36 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 79",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 77",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 79",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 71",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 44 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pro; in favour of"
],
"id": "en-pró-pt-prep-NECTgvjE",
"links": [
[
"pro",
"pro"
],
[
"in favour of",
"in favour of"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɾɔ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɾɔ/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"word": "pró"
}
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "la:prō",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *pér\nProto-Indo-European *-o\nProto-Indo-European *próder.\nProto-Italic *prō\nLatin prōbor.\nPortuguese pró\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"before\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*per-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"fare\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*per-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pér\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-o\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pró\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*prō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"prō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"pró\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" }\" data-lang=\"pt\" data-title=\"pró\">\nBorrowed from Latin prō.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *pér\nProto-Indo-European *-o\nProto-Indo-European *próder.\nProto-Italic *prō\nLatin prōbor.\nPortuguese pró\nBorrowed from Latin prō. Compare with inherited por.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "prós",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "pró m (plural prós)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pró"
]
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 44 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pro (an advantageous aspect of something)"
],
"id": "en-pró-pt-noun-sFGqqtU8",
"links": [
[
"pro",
"pro"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɾɔ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɾɔ/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"word": "pró"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "pró",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pró"
]
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "pro"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "European Portuguese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "38 10 31 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 44 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 32 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"misspelling of pro"
],
"id": "en-pró-pt-prep-bGArUvtH",
"links": [
[
"pro",
"pro#Portuguese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Portugal) misspelling of pro"
],
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"alt-of",
"misspelling"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɾɔ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɾɔ/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"word": "pró"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hittite",
"lang_code": "hit",
"roman": "pa-ra-a",
"word": "𒉺𒊏𒀀"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Anatolian",
"lang_code": "ine-ana-pro",
"word": "*prṓ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Prussian",
"lang_code": "prg",
"word": "pra"
},
{
"lang": "Old Prussian",
"lang_code": "prg",
"word": "pro"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"word": "*pro"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "ine-bsl-pro",
"word": "*pra"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"word": "*ɸro"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"roman": "pró",
"word": "πρό"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Hellenic",
"lang_code": "grk-pro",
"word": "*pró"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"roman": "prá",
"word": "प्र"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"lang_code": "inc-pro",
"word": "*prá"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Avestan",
"lang_code": "ae-old",
"roman": "fra",
"word": "𐬟𐬭𐬀"
},
{
"lang": "Old Avestan",
"lang_code": "ae-old",
"roman": "frā",
"word": "𐬟𐬭𐬁"
},
{
"lang": "Younger Avestan",
"lang_code": "ae-yng",
"roman": "fra",
"word": "𐬟𐬭𐬀"
}
],
"lang": "Avestan",
"lang_code": "ae"
},
{
"lang": "Old Persian",
"lang_code": "peo",
"roman": "f-r",
"word": "𐎳𐎼"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"word": "*frá"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"word": "*prá"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": ":af",
"3": "*pér",
"4": "*-o",
"id": "toward"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"before\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*per-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"fare\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*per-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pér\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-o\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pró\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }\" data-id=\"toward\" data-lang=\"ine-pro\" data-title=\"*pró\" id=\"Proto-Indo-European:_toward\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*pér",
"3": "*-o",
"pos2": "allative suffix",
"t1": "through"
},
"expansion": "*pér (“through”) + *-o (allative suffix)",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Morphologically as if from *pér (“through”) + *-o (allative suffix), but the semantics are more in line with *per- (“in front, before”), of which the exact relationship and chronology are uncertain.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "adverb",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*pró",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "*pró",
"name": "ine-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pró",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *per- (before)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *per- (fare)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-o",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"prefix"
],
"word": "pro-"
},
{
"english": "towards, against",
"translation": "towards, against",
"word": "pró-ti"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"translation": "see there for further descendants",
"word": "prō"
},
{
"roman": "pr",
"tags": [
"abbreviation"
],
"word": "𐌐𐌓"
},
{
"word": "pr."
},
{
"tags": [
"unabbreviated"
],
"word": "pru"
},
{
"word": "prō"
},
{
"word": "⇒ *prō-tér"
},
{
"english": "with double suffix",
"translation": "with double suffix",
"word": "pró-o > *prṓ"
},
{
"tags": [
"suffix",
"with-instrumental"
],
"word": "pro-h₁"
},
{
"english": "early, soon",
"translation": "early, soon",
"word": "ɸromos"
},
{
"english": "to perform, promote, further; see there for further descendants",
"translation": "to perform, promote, further; see there for further descendants",
"word": "⇒ Proto-Germanic: *framjaną"
},
{
"english": "forward; forthright; see there for further descendants",
"translation": "forward; forthright; see there for further descendants",
"word": "framaz"
},
{
"word": "promom"
},
{
"word": "prumum"
},
{
"english": "firstly",
"translation": "firstly",
"word": "prumu"
},
{
"english": "first, leading",
"translation": "first, leading",
"word": "pró-mo-s"
},
{
"english": "in front",
"translation": "in front",
"word": "pro-k(o)-"
},
{
"roman": "prápra",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"word": "प्रप्र"
},
{
"word": "prápra"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "proximus"
},
{
"word": "⇒ Proto-Italic: *propsamos"
},
{
"word": "propro"
},
{
"word": "pró-pro"
},
{
"roman": "f-r-t-r",
"tags": [
"Old-Persian"
],
"word": "𐎳𐎼𐎫𐎼"
},
{
"word": "frataráh"
},
{
"word": "pratarás"
},
{
"english": "further",
"translation": "further",
"word": "pro-tero-s"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"roman": "prathamá",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"translation": "see there for further descendants",
"word": "प्रथम"
},
{
"word": "pratamás"
},
{
"word": "pratʰamás"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"translation": "see there for further descendants",
"word": "fratamáh"
},
{
"word": "pro-tm̥mós"
},
{
"word": "pro-tyo-s"
},
{
"word": "Unsorted formations"
},
{
"word": "frawjô"
},
{
"word": "frawjǭ"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"translation": "see there for further descendants",
"word": "frawjaz"
},
{
"alt": "if not from *pro-; with *H adopted from nouns with initial laryngeal",
"sense": ">? Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"tags": [
"Proto-Slavic"
],
"word": "pra-"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "Proto-Germanic; Proto-West Germanic",
"translation": "see there for further descendants",
"word": "frō"
},
{
"alt": "with locative -ι (-i)",
"roman": "prōḯ",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"word": "⇒ Ancient Greek: πρωΐ"
},
{
"english": "leader",
"roman": "prómos",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"translation": "leader",
"word": "πρόμος"
},
{
"roman": "próka",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "πρόκα"
},
{
"roman": "própro",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "πρόπρο"
},
{
"roman": "próteros",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "πρότερος"
},
{
"roman": "prósō",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "πρόσω"
},
{
"roman": "próssō",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "πρόσσω"
},
{
"english": "early in the morning",
"roman": "prātár",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"translation": "early in the morning",
"word": "प्रातर्"
},
{
"english": "further",
"roman": "pratarám",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit",
"adverb"
],
"translation": "further",
"word": "प्रतरम्"
},
{
"english": "tomorrow",
"roman": "fardā",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"tags": [
"Persian"
],
"translation": "tomorrow",
"word": "فردا"
},
{
"english": "tomorrow",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Persian"
],
"translation": "tomorrow",
"word": "fradāg"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"word": "frata-"
},
{
"english": "before",
"sense": "Proto-Italic",
"translation": "before",
"word": "pruter"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Italic",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "procus"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Italic",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "procer"
},
{
"sense": "Old Irish",
"tags": [
"Irish",
"Middle"
],
"word": "rom"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"tags": [
"Proto-Slavic"
],
"word": "prokъ"
},
{
"english": "near",
"roman": "frakəm",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian; Younger Avestan",
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"translation": "near",
"word": "𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬐𐬆𐬨"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "Oscan",
"translation": "see there for further descendants",
"word": "→ Latin: prope"
},
{
"alt": "fratara /fratara/",
"sense": "Younger Avestan",
"word": "𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬀𐬭𐬀"
},
{
"alt": "przze/i-",
"english": "most in front",
"sense": "Proto-Anatolian",
"translation": "most in front",
"word": "[script needed]"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forwards, before"
],
"id": "en-pró-ine-pro-adv-xDkSsyzO",
"links": [
[
"forwards",
"forwards"
],
[
"before",
"before"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme"
]
}
],
"word": "pró"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "para",
"3": "o"
},
"expansion": "Contraction of para + o",
"name": "contraction"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Contraction of para + o.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "prá",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "prós",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "prás",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "contraction",
"3": "feminine",
"4": "prá",
"5": "masculine plural",
"6": "prós",
"7": "feminine plural",
"8": "prás",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "pró m (feminine prá, masculine plural prós, feminine plural prás)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "contraction",
"related": [
{
"word": "pelo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Galician contractions",
"Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"Galician informal terms",
"Galician non-lemma forms",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"to the; for the"
],
"links": [
[
"to",
"to"
],
[
"the",
"the"
],
[
"for",
"for"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) to the; for the"
],
"tags": [
"contraction",
"informal",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "pró"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Portuguese 1-syllable words",
"Portuguese countable nouns",
"Portuguese entries with etymology texts",
"Portuguese entries with etymology trees",
"Portuguese entries with etymon",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese masculine nouns",
"Portuguese nouns",
"Portuguese prepositions",
"Portuguese terms borrowed from Latin",
"Portuguese terms derived from Latin",
"Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Portuguese terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *per- (before)",
"Portuguese terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *per- (fare)",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "la:prō",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *pér\nProto-Indo-European *-o\nProto-Indo-European *próder.\nProto-Italic *prō\nLatin prōbor.\nPortuguese pró\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"before\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*per-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"fare\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*per-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pér\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-o\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pró\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*prō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"prō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"pró\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" }\" data-lang=\"pt\" data-title=\"pró\">\nBorrowed from Latin prō.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *pér\nProto-Indo-European *-o\nProto-Indo-European *próder.\nProto-Italic *prō\nLatin prōbor.\nPortuguese pró\nBorrowed from Latin prō. Compare with inherited por.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "pró",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pró"
]
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"pro; in favour of"
],
"links": [
[
"pro",
"pro"
],
[
"in favour of",
"in favour of"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɾɔ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɾɔ/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"word": "pró"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Portuguese 1-syllable words",
"Portuguese countable nouns",
"Portuguese entries with etymology texts",
"Portuguese entries with etymology trees",
"Portuguese entries with etymon",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese masculine nouns",
"Portuguese nouns",
"Portuguese prepositions",
"Portuguese terms borrowed from Latin",
"Portuguese terms derived from Latin",
"Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Portuguese terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *per- (before)",
"Portuguese terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *per- (fare)",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "la:prō",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *pér\nProto-Indo-European *-o\nProto-Indo-European *próder.\nProto-Italic *prō\nLatin prōbor.\nPortuguese pró\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"before\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*per-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"fare\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*per-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pér\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-o\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pró\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*prō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"prō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"pró\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" }\" data-lang=\"pt\" data-title=\"pró\">\nBorrowed from Latin prō.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *pér\nProto-Indo-European *-o\nProto-Indo-European *próder.\nProto-Italic *prō\nLatin prōbor.\nPortuguese pró\nBorrowed from Latin prō. Compare with inherited por.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "prós",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "pró m (plural prós)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pró"
]
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"pro (an advantageous aspect of something)"
],
"links": [
[
"pro",
"pro"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɾɔ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɾɔ/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"word": "pró"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Portuguese 1-syllable words",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese prepositions",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "pró",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pró"
]
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "pro"
}
],
"categories": [
"European Portuguese",
"Portuguese misspellings"
],
"glosses": [
"misspelling of pro"
],
"links": [
[
"pro",
"pro#Portuguese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Portugal) misspelling of pro"
],
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"alt-of",
"misspelling"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɾɔ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɾɔ/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"word": "pró"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"prefix"
],
"word": "pro-"
},
{
"english": "towards, against",
"translation": "towards, against",
"word": "pró-ti"
},
{
"alt": "if not from *pro-; with *H adopted from nouns with initial laryngeal",
"sense": ">? Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"tags": [
"Proto-Slavic"
],
"word": "pra-"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "Proto-Germanic; Proto-West Germanic",
"translation": "see there for further descendants",
"word": "frō"
},
{
"alt": "with locative -ι (-i)",
"roman": "prōḯ",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"word": "⇒ Ancient Greek: πρωΐ"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"translation": "see there for further descendants",
"word": "prō"
},
{
"roman": "pr",
"tags": [
"abbreviation"
],
"word": "𐌐𐌓"
},
{
"word": "pr."
},
{
"tags": [
"unabbreviated"
],
"word": "pru"
},
{
"word": "prō"
},
{
"english": "early in the morning",
"roman": "prātár",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"translation": "early in the morning",
"word": "प्रातर्"
},
{
"english": "tomorrow",
"roman": "fardā",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"tags": [
"Persian"
],
"translation": "tomorrow",
"word": "فردا"
},
{
"english": "tomorrow",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Persian"
],
"translation": "tomorrow",
"word": "fradāg"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"word": "frata-"
},
{
"english": "before",
"sense": "Proto-Italic",
"translation": "before",
"word": "pruter"
},
{
"word": "⇒ *prō-tér"
},
{
"english": "with double suffix",
"translation": "with double suffix",
"word": "pró-o > *prṓ"
},
{
"tags": [
"suffix",
"with-instrumental"
],
"word": "pro-h₁"
},
{
"sense": "Old Irish",
"tags": [
"Irish",
"Middle"
],
"word": "rom"
},
{
"english": "early, soon",
"translation": "early, soon",
"word": "ɸromos"
},
{
"english": "to perform, promote, further; see there for further descendants",
"translation": "to perform, promote, further; see there for further descendants",
"word": "⇒ Proto-Germanic: *framjaną"
},
{
"english": "forward; forthright; see there for further descendants",
"translation": "forward; forthright; see there for further descendants",
"word": "framaz"
},
{
"english": "leader",
"roman": "prómos",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"translation": "leader",
"word": "πρόμος"
},
{
"word": "promom"
},
{
"word": "prumum"
},
{
"english": "firstly",
"translation": "firstly",
"word": "prumu"
},
{
"english": "first, leading",
"translation": "first, leading",
"word": "pró-mo-s"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"tags": [
"Proto-Slavic"
],
"word": "prokъ"
},
{
"roman": "próka",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "πρόκα"
},
{
"english": "near",
"roman": "frakəm",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian; Younger Avestan",
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"translation": "near",
"word": "𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬐𐬆𐬨"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Italic",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "procus"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Italic",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "procer"
},
{
"english": "in front",
"translation": "in front",
"word": "pro-k(o)-"
},
{
"roman": "própro",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "πρόπρο"
},
{
"roman": "prápra",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"word": "प्रप्र"
},
{
"word": "prápra"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "Oscan",
"translation": "see there for further descendants",
"word": "→ Latin: prope"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "proximus"
},
{
"word": "⇒ Proto-Italic: *propsamos"
},
{
"word": "propro"
},
{
"word": "pró-pro"
},
{
"roman": "próteros",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "πρότερος"
},
{
"english": "further",
"roman": "pratarám",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit",
"adverb"
],
"translation": "further",
"word": "प्रतरम्"
},
{
"alt": "fratara /fratara/",
"sense": "Younger Avestan",
"word": "𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬀𐬭𐬀"
},
{
"roman": "f-r-t-r",
"tags": [
"Old-Persian"
],
"word": "𐎳𐎼𐎫𐎼"
},
{
"word": "frataráh"
},
{
"word": "pratarás"
},
{
"english": "further",
"translation": "further",
"word": "pro-tero-s"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"roman": "prathamá",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"translation": "see there for further descendants",
"word": "प्रथम"
},
{
"word": "pratamás"
},
{
"word": "pratʰamás"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"translation": "see there for further descendants",
"word": "fratamáh"
},
{
"word": "pro-tm̥mós"
},
{
"alt": "przze/i-",
"english": "most in front",
"sense": "Proto-Anatolian",
"translation": "most in front",
"word": "[script needed]"
},
{
"roman": "prósō",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "πρόσω"
},
{
"roman": "próssō",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "πρόσσω"
},
{
"word": "pro-tyo-s"
},
{
"word": "Unsorted formations"
},
{
"word": "frawjô"
},
{
"word": "frawjǭ"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"translation": "see there for further descendants",
"word": "frawjaz"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hittite",
"lang_code": "hit",
"roman": "pa-ra-a",
"word": "𒉺𒊏𒀀"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Anatolian",
"lang_code": "ine-ana-pro",
"word": "*prṓ"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Prussian",
"lang_code": "prg",
"word": "pra"
},
{
"lang": "Old Prussian",
"lang_code": "prg",
"word": "pro"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"word": "*pro"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "ine-bsl-pro",
"word": "*pra"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"word": "*ɸro"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"roman": "pró",
"word": "πρό"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Hellenic",
"lang_code": "grk-pro",
"word": "*pró"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"roman": "prá",
"word": "प्र"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"lang_code": "inc-pro",
"word": "*prá"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Avestan",
"lang_code": "ae-old",
"roman": "fra",
"word": "𐬟𐬭𐬀"
},
{
"lang": "Old Avestan",
"lang_code": "ae-old",
"roman": "frā",
"word": "𐬟𐬭𐬁"
},
{
"lang": "Younger Avestan",
"lang_code": "ae-yng",
"roman": "fra",
"word": "𐬟𐬭𐬀"
}
],
"lang": "Avestan",
"lang_code": "ae"
},
{
"lang": "Old Persian",
"lang_code": "peo",
"roman": "f-r",
"word": "𐎳𐎼"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"word": "*frá"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"word": "*prá"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": ":af",
"3": "*pér",
"4": "*-o",
"id": "toward"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"before\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*per-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"fare\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*per-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pér\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-o\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pró\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }\" data-id=\"toward\" data-lang=\"ine-pro\" data-title=\"*pró\" id=\"Proto-Indo-European:_toward\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*pér",
"3": "*-o",
"pos2": "allative suffix",
"t1": "through"
},
"expansion": "*pér (“through”) + *-o (allative suffix)",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Morphologically as if from *pér (“through”) + *-o (allative suffix), but the semantics are more in line with *per- (“in front, before”), of which the exact relationship and chronology are uncertain.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "adverb",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*pró",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "*pró",
"name": "ine-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pró",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Proto-Indo-European adverbs",
"Proto-Indo-European entries referencing missing etymons",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with etymon",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *per- (before)",
"Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *per- (fare)",
"Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-o",
"Proto-Indo-European terms with unknown etymologies"
],
"glosses": [
"forwards, before"
],
"links": [
[
"forwards",
"forwards"
],
[
"before",
"before"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme"
]
}
],
"word": "pró"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pró meaning in All languages combined (17.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-02 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-07-06 using wiktextract (d9fa233 and 9e92f4b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.